理解文中具体信息

——直接信息题

一、直接信息题解题技巧

直接信息题主要针对文中涉及的某个具体事物、人物、时间、地点、原因、结果等提问。解答这类题需要考生快速浏览题干，找出关键信息，然后在相应的段落定位关键信息所在的句子。最后根据选项特点，判断文中的相关信息与哪一个选项相符。

二、直接信息题的选项特点

1. 正确选项

正确选项往往使用简化或不同的表述方式来呈现与原文相同的意思，一般有以下特征：替换原文中的关键词；改变关键词的词性；简化语言表达。

2. 干扰项

干扰项往往根据文中的某个细节来设置，常有以下几种情况：①选项本身错误或原文根本没提到；②选项本身正确，但不符合题意；③选项中含有原文信息，但其中个别词描述得不准确（这种选项的干扰性最强，考生在答题时要特别注意）。

三、真题分析

以下内容均选编自高考真题，我们将结合上面提到的解题技巧对各题进行分析解答。

A

Pacific Science Center Guide

◆Visit Pacific Science Center's Store

Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located (位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.

◆Hungry?

Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.

◆Rental Information

Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.

◆Support Pacific Science Center

Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion (热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.

1. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?

A. In Building 1.

B. In Building 3.

C. At the Laser Dome.

D. At the Denny Way entrance.

2. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?

A. Train science teachers.

B. Distribute science books.

C. Inspire scientific research.

D. Take science to the classroom.

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了太平洋科学中心的相关信息。

1. 根据题干中的buy a souvenir可定位到文章第一部分，在太平洋科学中心商店可以买纪念品；再根据该部分最后一句The store is located upstairs in Building 3 …可知，该商店在三号楼，故选B项。

2. 根据文章第四部分中的Today, Pacific Science Center serves … and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms …可知，太平洋科学中心把科学带进课堂，故选D项。

B

In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us.

National Theatre of China Beijing | Chinese

This great occasion (盛会) will be the National Theatre of China's first visit to the UK. The company's productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare's Richard III will be directed by the National's Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.

Date & Time: Saturday 28 April, 2.30pm & Sunday 29 April, 1.30pm & 6.30pm

Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi | Georgian

One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed (指导) by the company's Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.

Date & Time: Friday 18 May, 2.30pm & Saturday 19 May, 7.30pm

Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language (BSL)

By translating the rich and humourous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.

Date & Time: Tuesday 22 May, 2.30pm & Wednesday 23 May, 7.30pm

Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv | Hebrew

The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.

Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30 pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30pm

3. Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?

A. Richard Ⅲ.

B. Love's Labour's Lost.

C. As You Like It.

D. The Merchant of Venice.

4. What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?

A. It has two groups of actors.

B. It is the leading theatre in London.

C. It performs plays in BSL.

D. It is good at producing comedies.

5. When can you see a play in Hebrew?

A. On Saturday 28 April.

B. On Sunday 29 April.

C. On Tuesday 22 May.

D. On Tuesday 29 May.

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个有关莎士比亚戏剧的演出信息。

3. 根据National Theatre of China Beijing | Chinese部分的第三句This production of Shakespeare's Richard III will be directed by the National's Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying可知选A项。

4. 根据Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language (BSL) 部分的第一句By translating the rich and humourous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL可知选C项。

5. 根据题干中的in Hebrew可以定位至Habima National Theatre处，根据最后一部分内容Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30 pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30 pm可知选D项。