托福复习攻略 听说读写各版块备考指南详解
一.托福阅读备考指南
词汇量和对学术文章结构的理解是备考阅读部分需要注重的两大方面。首先，你需要尽可能地扩大词汇量：掌握的英语词汇越多，对阅读部分的准备相应也就越充分。那在掌握了一定量的词汇之后，你还需要进一步弄透文章结构，这样才能真正理解文章内涵。
关于背单词的小建议：
将词汇按学科领域进行分组，如地质学、生物学、历史学
制作新词卡片
经常复习这些单词，以便加深记忆
开始了解这些单词前缀、后缀以及相同词根的含义
关于理解文章结构的小技巧：
列出文章的主要观点和支持性细节
思考观点之间的关系
注意句子末尾与下一句开头的联系
撰写文章概要(如果文章里涉及两种观点的比较或争论，在概要中也需要列出两者)
二.托福听力备考指南
想要培养和提升听力技能，就得多听有关各种主题的各种材料，建议大家前期可以从电视节目和电影入手，然后转战到含学术内容的节目，比如像 NPR 和 BBC 的广播节目。
在考试中应对听力部分的技巧：
听的过程中一定要学会做笔记
需要注意的是，考试题目其实只会考察到某些重要信息，所以你不需要记下所有的细节。
注意说话者的语调
比如说话者是不是情绪很激动、很难过或很困惑，这些细节可以帮助你后续回答有关说话者态度或意见的问题。
留心材料间的逻辑关系
尤其在听 lecture 材料的时候，要留心记下演讲内容的组织方式、观点之间的逻辑关系，这些笔记可以帮助你后续回答有关演讲总体组织的问题。
三.托福口语备考指南
提升口语技能的关键秘诀就是大胆多说，不要羞于开口。以下是一些相关建议：
使用计时器，持续练习讲话至少 45 秒
与英语母语者或英语口语好的朋友交流
参加或发起英语俱乐部
跟朋友用英语谈论一个特定话题
和其他三个部分一样，托福考试的口语部分不仅能准确衡量你的口语技能，而且评分过程公平公正，不会带有任何偏见。因为托福口语采取多人异地盲评的形式，判分官不会知道你是谁，他们只会针对你的口语答案进行打分。而在其他采用单人面试进行的考试中，由于面试官同时也是你唯一的判分官，在评分过程中就很容易带入个人偏见。
四.托福写作备考指南
一篇文章有三个基本组成部分：引言、主体和结论。以下这些小建议可以帮助你更好地在英语写作中组织你的观点：
在开始写作之前，先在草稿纸上写一个简短的概要或提取一些关键点，来帮助自己整理思路。你也可以直接在电脑的答题区打出提纲或笔记，然后从这些点出发，扩充写更多句子和段落使行文丰满。
学习优秀文章、段落的组织方式。一个好的段落通常会在第一句(即主题句)提出论点，且整段均围绕这一要点展开论述，论点不同的各个段落组织在一起即强化文章的中心观点。
试着尽可能使用短句，不同段落表达不同的观点，注意段落之间的过渡衔接。
托福写作模板:年轻人应尝试不同工作
2016年10月15日托福独立写作题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people should try several different jobs before they take a long term career.
题目大意：在决定长期工作之前，年轻人应该尝试不同的工作。此题并不难，思路也很容易想。建议，选择同意，理由一可以获得多种技能，理由二可以找到自己最合适的职业。
托福写作模板及参考答案：
托福写作范文参考:
Currently, with the competition in the job market becoming increasingly fierce, the job-hunting has been brought under the spotlight of the mass media. The senior and experts strongly proposed that young people should try different jobs before taking a lifelong career, while the youngsters may hold the opposite viewpoint. As far as I am concerned, the former view is more reasonable, with the reasons listed below.
In the first place, different jobs will equip the young with multiple skills and professional knowledge in various fields. As we know, the completion of every job, simple or complex, requires differing abilities and expertise in certain area. As a result, young adults who take different jobs will grasp the knowledge in a new area and increase their potential capability to a large extent, thus having the well-rounded development. To be specific, to be a waiter or waitress in a restaurant enables us to cultivate interpersonal skills since we may encounter tons of people from all walks of life. Being a manager will help to improve the organizational skills and leadership, because the successful running of a department depends on the ability of leaders. Undoubtedly, those people with more than one skills will have an edge over other competitors in the future job market.
In addition, another conspicuous benefit of taking different jobs before you settle on the lifelong career is that the young have the chances to find the most suitable position. It is never uncommon to hear that many employees who have worked for three or more years complain that the work they take is not what they are good at or what they like. Consequently, their enthusiasm or passion for their jobs is relatively in a low level, which has negative influence on the development of themselves and their company. The best way to deal with the above problem is to allow youngsters to try different types of work at first and take the one which suits them most. The experience of my friend, Kozer, is a good case in point. After graduating from the department of foreign languages in Beijing University, Kozer was recruited by a Foreign Trade Corporation due to his excellent English. Unfortunately, he was too introverted to communicate well with strangers, especially with foreigners. Then he resigned from the position and became a teacher in a high school. The same problem occurred again. Finally, realizing his own strengths and weaknesses from the above failures, he found that the most suitable position for himself was to be an editor for China Daily, the most famous English newspaper, because there was no need to talk with many people in this job.
Admittedly, some opponents may assert that it is not necessary for young adults to try different jobs, because it will waste lots of time and even make them miss out some opportunities. However, the above reasoning is far from the truth. To illustrate, only when we have experienced several different kinds of work can we find the one which most fits for us. So the time spent on every try is worthwhile.
In a nutshell, it is safe to conclude that young people should try different jobs before they take a long-term career, in order to gain more skills and find the most suitable position.
托福写作模板:政府为民众免费提供互联网服务
2016年9月10日托福独立写作题目：
The government should offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost.
点睛
题目大意：政府应该为民众免费提供互联网服务。此题较为简单，思路也有很多。建议选择不同意，即认为政府不应该为民众免费提供互联网服务，因为一方面会加重政府的财政负担，另一方面会让更多人上网成瘾，进一步疏远人际关系。
托福写作模板及参考答案：
托福写作范文参考:
With the advent of internet, people in growing numbers are getting addicted to logging onto the internet out of various purposes, which has aroused deeply social concern. Therefore, the issue of whether the bills of using the Internet should be paid by the government or the users themselves has been open to debate. In my opinion, it is more reasonable to require the individuals to cover the fee of internet usage, with the reasons as follows.
To begin with, the users of the internets are supposed to pay the bills in order to relieve the financial burden of government. With the popularization of the internet, the number of people going online every day has increased to a lot, which means that the money spent on the internet is tremendous. Such a large sum of money can do nothing but occupy a great propotion of the governmental expenditure, thus cutting down on the investment of government on other more pressing fields like improving the public transportation and eradicating the poverty. By contrast, if the fee of internet usage comes from the wallet of the individual, the situation will become totally different. To illustrate, the abundant financial resources of government saved by this practice can better facilitate the economic development and render the life of the mass more convenient and comfortable.
In addition, requiring the individuals to pay for the bill of internet access will help to establish better social relationship between people. As is common sense, with the wide application of electronic devices boosted by easy access to the internet, people especially younsters are indulged in the cyber or virtual world created by the social network and various Apps on the cell phone. Consequently, it is not uncommon to observe that when a group of white collars sit at a table in a restaurant waiting for their meals, they watch the screen of their smart phones instead of interacting with the guys near them, which greatly alienates the bond between them. In this case, the free use of internet will aggravate this situation to a large extent. However, if the fee of the internet usage is covered by the individuals instead of the government, many people will be reduce their time spent in surfing the internet in order to save money. As a result, the face-to-face communication will become more frequent and thus the closer and more intimate relationship between people will be set up.
Factoring the above listed reasons, it is safe to conclude that the government should not offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost, in order to relieve financial burden of the government and to build a better rapport between people.
托福写作模板:你愿意钱边赚边花还是存起来留以后用
托福独立写作题目:
Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
托福写作模板及参考答案：
托福写作参考范文:
“Save it for rainy day，” That's my motto. When I have a choice between spending my money or putting it in my savings account at the bank， I always put it in the bank. I will have a lot of expenses in the future like my education， travel， and unforeseen emergencies. I need to have money set aside for these expenses.
Education is expensive. I can't depend on my parents to pay all my bills. I have tuition， room and board， books， and incidental expenses to pay for. I'll try to get a scholarship to cover some ofthese costs， but I know I will be responsible for a lot of the expenses. If I spend my money now， I won't be able to pay for my education. I need to save money for my education.
Travel is also very expensive. I don't mean vacation travel. I mean travel to get to and from school. Transpacific airfare costs a lot even special reduced fares. I first have to get to school and then， of course， I want to return to my family for important festivals and occasions. Going back and forth will be costly， but worth it. I need to save money for these trips.
Emergencies could arrive at any moment. I might have an unexpected illness while I am at school. There might be costs that aren't covered by the school insurance. One of my family members may need help. I will have to send them money. You can't predict emergencies like this， but you can be prepared. I need to save money for these emergencies.
When you are not rich， you cannot spend your money carelessly. You must plan ahead. I know in my life， I will have expenses for my schooling and for traveling to and from my home. I know that I will also have unexpected expenses related to unforeseen emergencies. I must be prepared. I need to save money for these events.
